Littlejohns Tree Frog

Littlejohn's Tree Frog

Conservation Status: Endangered

Meet the Littlejohn’s Tree Frog

The Littlejohn’s Tree Frog (Litoria littlejohni) is a rare and highly specialised amphibian native to eastern New South Wales, found in highland forests, heathlands, and upland wetlands.

While its historic range extended across the Central Coast, Hunter, and southern highlands, current surveys show the species is now largely confined to around three main geographic strongholds. Within these areas, fewer than 75 small breeding sites are known, many of which are temporary rain-filled pools or shallow ponds that can disappear between seasons.

This cryptic frog relies on very specific breeding conditions, reproducing in ephemeral, fish-free pools, slow-moving creeks, and headwater wetlands after heavy rainfall. Eggs are laid in small clusters on submerged vegetation, and tadpoles take several months to develop, making breeding success closely tied to stable water levels and healthy surrounding habitat.

Littlejohn’s Tree Frog is rarely seen outside the breeding season and is most often detected by the male’s soft, trilling “weep…weep…” call between autumn and spring.

Despite its broad historical range, the species is now considered highly vulnerable due to habitat loss, changes to water flow, and increasing pressure on upland wetlands.

Did you know?

  • Littlejohn’s Tree Frog was only formally described in 1994, making it a relatively “young” species in scientific records.
  • It is one of Australia’s rarest frogs, with most breeding sites hosting fewer than four calling males.
  • Its golden iris, orange thigh patches, and faint dorsal stripe make it uniquely distinguishable from similar species.

Littlejohn's Tree Frog

Why They’re at Risk

  • Small, Fragmented Populations: Only around three known populations are remaining, completely isolated and with very limited gene flow between them.
  • Chytrid Disease: Like many amphibians, this species is highly susceptible to chytridiomycosis, which attacks the skin and disrupts vital respiratory and water regulation processes.
  • Habitat Loss & Disturbance: Swamps and upland stream habitats have been degraded by land clearing, mining (longwall subsidence), altered hydrology, and recreational use. Long-term logging and forestry operations further disrupt breeding and non-breeding habitats.
  • Climate & Fire Impacts: The devastating 2019–2020 bushfires burned up to a third of the frog’s habitat. Experts estimate post-fire population declines between 11% and 26% in affected areas. Ongoing drought, increased temperatures, altered rainfall, and fire regimes continue to threaten habitat quality.
  • Limited Dispersal: Tadpoles require stable, year-round water bodies that are rare and patchy across the landscape, making it difficult for frogs to find new breeding sites naturally.
Littlejohn's Tree Frog on a tree branch
Littlejohn's Tree Frog sitting on a branch in marshes
Littlejohn's Tree Frog sitting on a branch
Littlejohn's Tree Frog sitting on leaves
Littlejohn's Tree Frog in Aussie Ark's Conservation Ark facilityShowing 1 of 4 images

Aussie Ark’s Conservation Work

Aussie Ark has adopted a robust, science-based approach to protect and restore Littlejohn’s Tree Frog populations, closely mirroring strategies used for the Giant Barred Frog:

  • Captive Breeding & Head-Starting: We support captive breeding efforts and head-start programs that raise tadpoles and juveniles safely before release, boosting early survival and reducing vulnerability to predators and environmental hazards.
  • Landscape Connectivity & Genetic Rescue: Using assisted reproductive technologies and genetic insights, we aim to bolster genetic diversity and resilience by strategically connecting fragmented populations, mitigating inbreeding effects.
  • Integrated Monitoring & Research: Our conservation efforts combine population monitoring, habitat mapping, disease management, and post-fire recovery strategies. This ensures adaptive, data-driven conservation across different landscapes and conditions.

How You Can Help

You can make a real difference! At Aussie Ark, we’re working tirelessly to protect Australia’s unique wildlife and restore their habitats. From Tasmanian Devils to Eastern Quolls, your support helps us care for endangered animals and preserve the beauty of our native bushland.

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Find out more about how we’re helping Littlejohn's Tree Frogs

Aussie Ark is stepping up to protect Australia’s wildlife at a time when it has never been more urgent. From building predator-proof sanctuaries and restoring vital habitats, to running world-leading breeding programs and reintroducing animals back into the wild, we are giving threatened species a fighting chance. Every action we take is about safeguarding the future of these animals and ensuring Australia’s unique wildlife can thrive for generations to come.

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Littlejohn's Tree Frog climbing on a branch
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